Skip to content. | Skip to navigation

 
Central Intelligence Agency
The Work of a Nation. The Center of Intelligence
World Factbook Title
navigation arrows
View Text Low Bandwidth Version Download Publication
Middle East :: Lebanon
page last updated on October 5, 2012
Flag of Lebanon
(CONTAINS DESCRIPTION)
Location of Lebanon
Click flag or map to enlarge Opens in New Window
 
Map of Lebanon
Click map to enlarge Opens in New Window
No Photos available for Lebanon
 
no photos available of Lebanon
Expand All | collapse All
Introduction ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Following World War I, France acquired a mandate over the northern portion of the former Ottoman Empire province of Syria. The French separated out the region of Lebanon in 1920, and granted this area independence in 1943. A lengthy civil war (1975-90) devastated the country, but Lebanon has since made progress toward rebuilding its political institutions. Under the Ta'if Accord - the blueprint for national reconciliation - the Lebanese established a more equitable political system, particularly by giving Muslims a greater voice in the political process while institutionalizing sectarian divisions in the government. Since the end of the war, Lebanon has conducted several successful elections. Most militias have been reduced or disbanded, with the exception of Hizballah, designated by the US State Department as a Foreign Terrorist Organization, and Palestinian militant groups. During Lebanon's civil war, the Arab League legitimized in the Ta'if Accord Syria's troop deployment, numbering about 16,000 based mainly east of Beirut and in the Bekaa Valley. Israel's withdrawal from southern Lebanon in May 2000 and the passage in September 2004 of UNSCR 1559 - a resolution calling for Syria to withdraw from Lebanon and end its interference in Lebanese affairs - encouraged some Lebanese groups to demand that Syria withdraw its forces. The assassination of former Prime Minister Rafiq HARIRI and 22 others in February 2005 led to massive demonstrations in Beirut against the Syrian presence ("the Cedar Revolution"), and Syria withdrew the remainder of its military forces in April 2005. In May-June 2005, Lebanon held its first legislative elections since the end of the civil war free of foreign interference, handing a majority to the bloc led by Sa'ad HARIRI, the slain prime minister's son. In July 2006, Hizballah kidnapped two Israeli soldiers leading to a 34-day conflict with Israel in which approximately 1,200 Lebanese civilians were killed. UNSCR 1701 ended the war in August 2006, and Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF) deployed throughout the country for the first time in decades, charged with securing Lebanon's borders against weapons smuggling and maintaining a weapons-free zone in south Lebanon with the help of the UN Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL). The LAF in May-September 2007 battled Sunni extremist group Fatah al-Islam in the Nahr al-Barid Palestinian refugee camp, winning a decisive victory, but destroying the camp and displacing 30,000 Palestinian residents. Lebanese politicians in November 2007 were unable to agree on a successor to Emile LAHUD when he stepped down as president, creating a political vacuum until the election of LAF Commander Gen. Michel SULAYMAN in May 2008 and the formation of a new unity government in July 2008. Legislative elections in June 2009 again produced victory for the bloc led by Sa'ad HARIRI, but a period of prolonged negotiation over the composition of the cabinet ensued. A national unity government was finally formed in November 2009 and approved by the National Assembly the following month. Inspired by the popular revolts that began in late 2010 against dictatorships across the Middle East and North Africa, marches and demonstrations in Lebanon were directed instead against sectarian politics. Although the protests gained some traction, they were limited in size and unsuccessful in changing the system. Opposition politicians collapsed the national unity government under Prime Minister Sa'ad HARIRI in February 2011. After several months in caretaker status, the government named Najib MIQATI Prime Minister.
Back to Top
Geography ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Middle East, bordering the Mediterranean Sea, between Israel and Syria
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
33 50 N, 35 50 E
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 10,400 sq km
country comparison to the world: 170
land: 10,230 sq km
water: 170 sq km
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
about 0.7 times the size of Connecticut
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 454 km
border countries: Israel 79 km, Syria 375 km
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
225 km
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
territorial sea: 12 nm
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Mediterranean; mild to cool, wet winters with hot, dry summers; Lebanon mountains experience heavy winter snows
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
narrow coastal plain; El Beqaa (Bekaa Valley) separates Lebanon and Anti-Lebanon Mountains
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Qornet es Saouda 3,088 m
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
limestone, iron ore, salt, water-surplus state in a water-deficit region, arable land
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
arable land: 16.35%
permanent crops: 13.75%
other: 69.9% (2005)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
900 sq km (2003)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.8 cu km (1997)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 1.38 cu km/yr (33%/1%/67%)
per capita: 385 cu m/yr (2000)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
dust storms, sandstorms
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
deforestation; soil erosion; desertification; air pollution in Beirut from vehicular traffic and the burning of industrial wastes; pollution of coastal waters from raw sewage and oil spills
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Marine Life Conservation
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Nahr el Litani is the only major river in Near East not crossing an international boundary; rugged terrain historically helped isolate, protect, and develop numerous factional groups based on religion, clan, and ethnicity
Back to Top
People ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
noun: Lebanese (singular and plural)
adjective: Lebanese
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Arab 95%, Armenian 4%, other 1%
note: many Christian Lebanese do not identify themselves as Arab but rather as descendents of the ancient Canaanites and prefer to be called Phoenicians
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Arabic (official), French, English, Armenian
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Muslim 59.7% (Shia, Sunni, Druze, Isma'ilite, Alawite or Nusayri), Christian 39% (Maronite Catholic, Greek Orthodox, Melkite Catholic, Armenian Orthodox, Syrian Catholic, Armenian Catholic, Syrian Orthodox, Roman Catholic, Chaldean, Assyrian, Coptic, Protestant), other 1.3%
note: 17 religious sects recognized
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4,140,289 (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 126
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0-14 years: 22.5% (male 477,647/ female 455,008)
15-64 years: 68.3% (male 1,375,375/ female 1,451,246)
65 years and over: 9.2% (male 175,847/ female 205,166) (2012 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 30.4 years
male: 29.2 years
female: 31.5 years (2012 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-0.38% (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 217
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
14.92 births/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 135
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
6.63 deaths/1,000 population (July 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 146
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-12.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 213
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
urban population: 87% of total population (2010)
rate of urbanization: 0.9% annual rate of change (2010-15 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
BEIRUT (capital) 1.909 million (2009)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.95 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.86 male(s)/female
total population: 0.96 male(s)/female (2011 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
25 deaths/100,000 live births (2010)
country comparison to the world: 130
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 15.32 deaths/1,000 live births
country comparison to the world: 113
male: 15.48 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 15.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2012 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total population: 75.23 years
country comparison to the world: 92
male: 73.67 years
female: 76.88 years (2012 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.76 children born/woman (2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 163
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
8.2% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 50
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3.54 physicians/1,000 population (2009)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3.5 beds/1,000 population (2009)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0.1% (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 136
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3,600 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 124
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
fewer than 500 (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 92
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
13.5% (2004)
country comparison to the world: 43
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
4.2% (2004)
country comparison to the world: 91
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.8% of GDP (2009)
country comparison to the world: 158
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 87.4%
male: 93.1%
female: 82.2% (2003 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 14 years
male: 13 years
female: 14 years (2009)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 22.1%
country comparison to the world: 43
male: 22.3%
female: 21.5% (2007)
Back to Top
Government ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
conventional long form: Lebanese Republic
conventional short form: Lebanon
local long form: Al Jumhuriyah al Lubnaniyah
local short form: Lubnan
former: Greater Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
republic
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
name: Beirut
geographic coordinates: 33 52 N, 35 30 E
time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
6 governorates (mohafazat, singular - mohafazah); Beqaa, Beyrouth (Beirut), Liban-Nord, Liban-Sud, Mont-Liban, Nabatiye
note: two new governorates - Aakkar and Baalbek-Hermel - have been legislated but not yet implemented
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
22 November 1943 (from League of Nations mandate under French administration)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Independence Day, 22 November (1943)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
23 May 1926; amended a number of times, most recently in 1990 to include changes necessitated by the Charter of Lebanese National Reconciliation (Ta'if Accord) of October 1989
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
mixed legal system of civil law based on the French civil code and religious laws covering personal status, marriage, divorce, and other family relations of the Jewish, Islamic, and Christian communities
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
has not submitted an ICJ jurisdiction declaration; non-party state to the ICCt
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
21 years of age; compulsory for all males; authorized for women at age 21 with elementary education; excludes military personnel
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of state: President Michel SULAYMAN (since 25 May 2008)
head of government: Prime Minister Najib MIQATI (since 7 July 2011), Deputy Prime Minister Samir MOQBIL (since 7 July 2011)
cabinet: Cabinet chosen by the prime minister in consultation with the president and members of the National Assembly
(For more information visit the World Leaders website Opens in New Window)
elections: president elected by the National Assembly for a six-year term (may not serve consecutive terms); election last held on 25 May 2008 (next to be held in 2014); the prime minister and deputy prime minister appointed by the president in consultation with the National Assembly
election results: Michel SULAYMAN elected president; National Assembly vote - 118 for, 6 abstentions, 3 invalidated; 1 seat unfilled due to death of incumbent
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
unicameral National Assembly or Majlis al-Nuwab (Arabic) or Assemblee Nationale (French) (128 seats; members elected by popular vote on the basis of sectarian proportional representation to serve four-year terms)
elections: last held on 7 June 2009 (next to be held in 2013)
election results: percent of vote by group - March 8 Coalition 54.7%, March 14 Coalition 45.3%; seats by group - March 14 Coalition 71; March 8 Coalition 57; seats by party following 16 July 2012 by-election held to fill one seat - March 14 Coalition 72, March 8 Coalition 56
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
four Courts of Cassation (three courts for civil and commercial cases and one court for criminal cases); Constitutional Council (called for in Ta'if Accord - rules on constitutionality of laws); Supreme Council (hears charges against the president and prime minister as needed)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
14 March Coalition: Democratic Left [Ilyas ATALLAH]; Democratic Renewal Movement [Nassib LAHUD]; Future Movement Bloc [Sa'ad al-HARIRI]; Kataeb Party [Amine GEMAYEL]; Lebanese Forces [Samir JA'JA]; Tripoli Independent Bloc
8 March Coalition: Development and Resistance Bloc [Nabih BERRI, leader of Amal Movement]; Free Patriotic Movement [Michel AWN]; Loyalty to the Resistance Bloc [Mohammad RA'AD] (includes Hizballah [Hassan NASRALLAH]); Nasserite Popular Movement [Usama SAAD]; Popular Bloc [Elias SKAFF]; Syrian Ba'th Party [Sayez SHUKR]; Syrian Social Nationalist Party [Ali QANSO]; Tashnaq [Hovig MEKHITIRIAN]
Independent: Democratic Gathering Bloc [Walid JUNBLATT, leader of Progressive Socialist Party]; Metn Bloc [Michel MURR]
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Maronite Church [Patriarch Nasrallah SFAYR]
other: note - most sects retain militias and a number of militant groups operate in Palestinian refugee camps
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
ABEDA, AFESD, AMF, FAO, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, LAS, MIGA, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OIF, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNRWA, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO (observer)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of mission: Ambassador Antoine CHEDID
chancery: 2560 28th Street NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 939-6300
FAX: [1] (202) 939-6324
consulate(s) general: Detroit, New York, Los Angeles
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
chief of mission: Ambassador Maura CONNELLY
embassy: Awkar, Lebanon (Awkar facing the Municipality)
mailing address: P. O. Box 70-840, Antelias, Lebanon; from US: US Embassy Beirut, 6070 Beirut Place, Washington, DC 20521-6070
telephone: [961] (4) 542600, 543600
FAX: [961] (4) 544136
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
three horizontal bands consisting of red (top), white (middle, double width), and red (bottom) with a green cedar tree centered in the white band; the red bands symbolize blood shed for liberation, the white band denotes peace, the snow of the mountains, and purity; the green cedar tree is the symbol of Lebanon and represents eternity, steadiness, happiness, and prosperity
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
cedar tree
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
name: "Kulluna lil-watan" (All Of Us, For Our Country!)
lyrics/music: Rachid NAKHLE/Wadih SABRA
note: adopted 1927; the anthem was chosen following a nationwide competition
Back to Top
Economy ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Lebanon has a free-market economy and a strong laissez-faire commercial tradition. The government does not restrict foreign investment; however, the investment climate suffers from red tape, corruption, arbitrary licensing decisions, complex customs procedures, high taxes, tariffs, and fees, archaic legislation, and weak intellectual property rights. The Lebanese economy is service-oriented; main growth sectors include banking and tourism. The 1975-90 civil war seriously damaged Lebanon's economic infrastructure, cut national output by half, and derailed Lebanon's position as a Middle Eastern entrepot and banking hub. Following the civil war Lebanon rebuilt much of its war-torn physical and financial infrastructure by borrowing heavily - mostly from domestic banks - saddling the government with a huge debt burden. Pledges of economic and financial reforms made at separate international donor conferences during the 2000s have mostly gone unfulfilled, including those made during the Paris III Donor Conference in 2007 following the July 2006 war. The collapse of the government in early 2011 over its backing of the Special Tribunal for Lebanon and unrest in neighboring Syria slowed economic growth to 1.5% after four years of 8% average growth. In September 2011 the Cabinet endorsed a bill that would provide $1.2 billion in funding to improve Lebanon's downtrodden electricity sector, but fiscal limitations will test the government's ability to invest in other areas, such as water.
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$62.23 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 87
$61.31 billion (2010 est.)
$57.3 billion (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$39.04 billion (2011 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.5% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 168
7% (2010 est.)
8.5% (2009 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$15,700 (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 78
$15,700 (2010 est.)
$14,900 (2009 est.)
note: data are in 2011 US dollars
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
agriculture: 4.6%
industry: 19.7%
services: 75.7% (2011 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.481 million
country comparison to the world: 130
note: in addition, there are as many as 1 million foreign workers (2007 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
agriculture: NA%
industry: NA%
services: NA%
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
NA%
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
28% (1999 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA%
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
34.4% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 11
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
revenues: $9.334 billion
expenditures: $11.67 billion (2011 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
23.9% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 130
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-6% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 175
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
134% of GDP (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 5
141.7% of GDP (2010 est.)
note: data cover central government debt, and exclude debt instruments issued (or owned) by government entities other than the treasury; the data include treasury debt held by foreign entities; the data include debt issued by subnational entities, as well as intra-governmental debt; intra-governmental debt consists of treasury borrowings from surpluses in the social funds, such as for retirement, medical care, and unemployment
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
5.1% (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 134
4% (2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3.5% (31 December 2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 28
10% (31 December 2009 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
7.53% (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 115
8.337% (31 December 2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$4.072 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 108
$3.8 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$97.04 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 55
$92 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$69.25 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 60
$64.12 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$10.16 billion (31 December 2011)
country comparison to the world: 67
$12.59 billion (31 December 2010)
$12.89 billion (31 December 2009)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
citrus, grapes, tomatoes, apples, vegetables, potatoes, olives, tobacco; sheep, goats
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
banking, tourism, food processing, wine, jewelry, cement, textiles, mineral and chemical products, wood and furniture products, oil refining, metal fabricating
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2.1% (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 116
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
-$10.92 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 177
-$8.909 billion (2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$5.482 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 112
$5.467 billion (2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
jewelry, base metals, chemicals, miscellaneous consumer goods, fruit and vegetables, tobacco, construction minerals, electric power machinery and switchgear, textile fibers, paper
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
UAE 11.6%, South Africa 9.3%, Iraq 7.4%, Saudi Arabia 6.8%, Turkey 6.2%, Syria 6%, Egypt 5.4%, Switzerland 4.9% (2009 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$19.89 billion (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 77
$17.72 billion (2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
petroleum products, cars, medicinal products, clothing, meat and live animals, consumer goods, paper, textile fabrics, tobacco, electrical machinery and equipment, chemicals
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
US 10.3%, Italy 9.5%, France 8.9%, China 8.3%, Germany 5.2%, Turkey 4.1% (2009 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$48.14 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 39
$44.52 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$29.46 billion (31 December 2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 71
$28.42 billion (31 December 2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$NA
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
$NA
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Lebanese pounds (LBP) per US dollar -
1,507.5 (2011 est.)
1,507.5 (2010 est.)
1,507.5 (2009)
1,507.5 (2008)
1,507.5 (2007)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
calendar year
Back to Top
Energy ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
12.98 billion kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 89
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
12.34 billion kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 82
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 kWh (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 90
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1.155 billion kWh (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 57
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
2.314 million kW (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 99
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
87.9% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 81
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 124
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
12.1% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 111
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0% of total installed capacity (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 148
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 154
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 141
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2009 est.)
country comparison to the world: 206
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 153
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 164
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
106,700 bbl/day (2011 est.)
country comparison to the world: 77
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 193
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
102,300 bbl/day (2008 est.)
country comparison to the world: 49
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 152
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 164
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 102
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 90
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
0 cu m (1 January 2012 est.)
country comparison to the world: 157
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
15.24 million Mt (2010 est.)
country comparison to the world: 90
Back to Top
Communications ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
900,000 (2011)
country comparison to the world: 82
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3.35 million (2011)
country comparison to the world: 121
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
general assessment: repair of the telecommunications system, severely damaged during the civil war, now complete
domestic: two mobile-cellular networks provide good service; combined fixed-line and mobile-cellular subscribership roughly 100 per 100 persons
international: country code - 961; submarine cable links to Cyprus, Egypt, and Syria; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (1 Indian Ocean and 1 Atlantic Ocean); coaxial cable to Syria
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
7 TV stations, 1 of which is state-owned; more than 30 radio stations, 1 of which is state-owned; satellite and cable TV services available; transmissions of at least 2 international broadcasters are accessible through partner stations (2007)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
.lb
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
64,525 (2010)
country comparison to the world: 89
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
1 million (2009)
country comparison to the world: 98
Back to Top
Transportation ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
7 (2012)
country comparison to the world: 169
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 5
over 3,047 m: 1
2,438 to 3,047 m: 2
1,524 to 2,437 m: 1
under 914 m: 1 (2012)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2012)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
gas 102 km (2010)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 401 km
country comparison to the world: 116
standard gauge: 319 km 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 82 km 1.050-m gauge
note: rail system unusable because of the damage done during fighting in the 1980s and in 2006 (2008)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 6,970 km (includes 170 km of expressways) (2005)
country comparison to the world: 148
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
total: 29
country comparison to the world: 85
by type: bulk carrier 4, cargo 7, carrier 17, vehicle carrier 1
foreign-owned: 2 (Syria 2)
registered in other countries: 34 (Barbados 2, Cambodia 5, Comoros 2, Egypt 1, Georgia 1, Honduras 2, Liberia 1, Malta 6, Moldova 1, Panama 2, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2, Sierra Leone 2, Togo 6, unknown 1) (2010)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Beirut, Tripoli
Back to Top
Military ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
Lebanese Armed Forces (LAF): Army ((Al Jaysh al Lubnaniya) includes Navy (Al Quwwat al Bahiriyya al Lubnaniya), Air Force (Al Quwwat al Jawwiya al Lubnaniya)) (2010)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
18-30 years of age for voluntary military service; 18-24 years of age for officer candidates; no conscription (2012)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
males age 16-49: 1,081,016
females age 16-49: 1,115,349 (2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
males age 16-49: 920,825
females age 16-49: 941,806 (2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
male: 36,856
female: 35,121 (2010 est.)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
3.1% of GDP (2005 est.)
country comparison to the world: 39
Back to Top
Transnational Issues ::Lebanon
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
lacking a treaty or other documentation describing the boundary, portions of the Lebanon-Syria boundary are unclear with several sections in dispute; since 2000, Lebanon has claimed Shab'a Farms area in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights; the roughly 2,000-strong UN Interim Force in Lebanon has been in place since 1978
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
refugees (country of origin): 436,154 (Palestinian refugees (UNRWA)); 9,056 (Iraq); 85,300 (Syria)
IDPs: at least 76,000 (1975-90 civil war, Israeli military activity) (2012)
Field info displayed for all countries in alpha order.
cannabis cultivation dramatically reduced to 2,500 hectares in 2002 despite continued significant cannabis consumption; opium poppy cultivation minimal; small amounts of Latin American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin transit country on way to European markets and for Middle Eastern consumption; money laundering of drug proceeds fuels concern that extremists are benefiting from drug trafficking
Back to Top
Expand All | collapse All
  The online Factbook is updated weekly. ISSN 1553-8133
For additional information on government leaders in selected foreign countries, go to World Leaders.